Under IRD Investigation — Defence and Settlement

IRD investigations are triggered by various factors: discrepancies between declared income and lifestyle; tips from third parties (employees, ex-partners, competitors); random selection for audit; pattern recognition in tax return data (unusual deductions, offshore claims); property transactions that appear to be trading; and cross-reference with stamp duty, Company Registry, or banking data. Some investigations arise from information sharing with overseas tax authorities under AEOI and CRS frameworks.

No — not without specialist advice. IRD investigation letters are carefully worded and often contain specific questions designed to elicit particular information. Responding without understanding the implications of each answer can inadvertently confirm issues the IRD was only suspecting, widen the scope of the investigation, or create inconsistencies that are difficult to resolve later. Contact a specialist tax investigation CPA immediately upon receipt of any IRD investigation correspondence.

The duration varies significantly: straightforward cases may resolve in 6-12 months; complex cases involving large back-tax assessments, offshore structures, or disputed issues can take 2-5 years. The IRD can also issue protective assessments to prevent the statute of limitations from expiring while the investigation continues. A specialist can often accelerate the timeline by proactively engaging with the IRD and providing clear, organised documentation.

Under s.82A of the IRO, where tax is understated or omitted, the IRD can impose a penalty of up to 3 times the amount of tax undercharged. However, in practice, penalties are frequently negotiated down significantly based on: cooperation with the investigation; voluntary disclosure; quality of records; history of compliance; and whether the underpayment was deliberate or negligent. Our specialist team's track record shows average penalty reductions of 60% from the maximum.

Yes, but prosecution is reserved for the most serious cases — deliberate, systematic evasion with falsification of records or fraudulent documents. The vast majority of IRD tax investigations (95%+) are resolved through civil settlement without criminal proceedings. The IRD generally prefers settlement as it recovers tax more efficiently than prosecution. Our team ensures clients present their cases in the best light to minimise any prosecution risk.